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Theodore Rshtuni ((アルメニア語:Թեոդորոս Ռշտունի), also spelled Theodoros Ṛštuni; 590 - 654/655 AD), equated with the ''patrikios'' Pasagnathes (Πασαγνάθης) of Theophanes the Confessor, was an Armenian ''nakharar'', famous for resisting the first Arab invasions of Armenia. Rshtuni was appointed as ''ishkhan'' and ''kouropalates'' of Byzantine Armenia by Emperor Heraclius when the previous ''ishkan'' David Saharuni was overthrown by other ''nakharars.'' ==Arab invasions== Prior to the Arab invasions, Rshtuni had been appointed the ''sparapet'' (commander-in-chief) of the Armenian forces in the Armenian Marzapante and was appointed as the ''marzban'' of Armenia in 634.〔 Vardanyan, Vrezh M. ''«Թեոդորոս Ռշտունի»'' (Theodoros Rshtuni). Soviet Armenian Encyclopedia. vol. iv. Yerevan, Armenian SSR: Armenian Academy of Sciences, 1978, p. 172.〕 He defended, alongside the Byzantine General Procopius, against the first, unsuccessful, Arab attack into Armenia in 640. He was unable to prevent the Arabs from pillaging the capital of Dvin in 642. He gained a victory over the Arabs, for which he was recognized as ruler of Armenia by Constans II in 643. Constans paid special attention to his family's imperiled homeland of Armenia, and he favored Byzantine generals of Armenian extraction to halt Arab advances. Meanwhile, the strength of Arab assaults continued to increase. Theodore eventually concluded a truce with then governor of Syria, Muawiyah I in 651, and Arabs concentrated their efforts against the remaining pockets of resistance in the Sassanid Empire. Finally, by 652 Rshtuni, despairing of further resistance, accepted Muawiyah's suzerainty and was appointed ruler of Armenia. Rshtuni was able to negotiate a treaty that left Armenia with a relatively high level of autonomy.〔For the terms of this treaty see 〕 In response, Constans personally marshaled his forces and led them to Armenia despite a growing plot against him in Constantinople, ironically by the Armenian commander of the Army of Thrace. Constans secured Armenia and deposed Theodoros, who took refuge on the island of Akhtamar. A Byzantine commander named Maurianus was given the task to defend the Armenian frontier. In 654 Maurianus was driven out of Armenia into the Caucasus and Theodoros was restored. Deciding that Theodoros was untrustworthy, the Arabs sent him to Damascus, where he died in captivity the following year. He was replaced as prince by his son-in-law, Hamazasp Mamikonian. His body was brought to his home district of Rshtunik', where he was buried in the tomb of his forefathers.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Theodore Rshtuni」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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